Frullania jackii
Frullania jackii Gottsche
Jubulaceae
Conservation status. Endangered [EN B2ab(iii)].
Morphology and biology. Perennial leafy liverwort forming brown-green to reddish brown glossy mats. Shoots prostrate, pinnate, 2–6 cm long, 0.5–0.7 mm wide. Leaves densely arranged in one plane, to the middle divided into 2 overlapping, unequal lobes. The upper leaf lobe larger, oval, the lower smaller, rounded, urn-shaped, more than 5 times smaller than the amphigastria. Amphigastria large, 3–4 times wider than the stem, entire or weakly notched at the tip. Bisexual. Does not form gemmae.
Habitats and populations. Grows on shaded rocks, alone or among other bryophytes and on the bark of broadleaf trees in forest regions with high air humidity. The populations have restricted distribution and low density.
Distribution in Bulgaria. Balkan range (Western – Stara River above Zanozhene village), Rila Mts (Banenska River).
General distribution. Balkan Peninsula (Bulgaria, Romania, Slovenia), W and C Europe, Caucasus, temperate regions of Asia. Northern sub-oceanic/mountain species.
Threats. Habitat destruction due to forest felling and decrease of the air humidity.
Conservation measures taken. The locality in Rila Mts is in a site of the European ecological network Natura 2000 in Bulgaria.
Conservation measures needed. To study the dynamics of numbers and area of the populations, as well as the biology and ecology of the species in Bulgaria; to elucidate the threatening factors and monitor the populations.
References. Arnaudoff 1911b, Kuc et al. 1965.
Author: Rayna Natcheva
