Campanula jordanovii
Campanula jordanovii Ančev & Kovanda
Campanulaceae – Bellflower family
Conservation status. Vulnerable [VU B1ab(ii,iii,iv)]. BDA. Balkan endemic.
Morphology and biology. Laxly caespitose perennial. Stems 15–30(40) cm tall. Basal leaves broadly lanceolate, rounded to cordate at base, long-petiolate; cauline lanceolate to linear. Inflorescence branched, paniculate; flower buds erect; corolla campanulate, blue to violet blue. Fruit capsule conical, many seeded. Fl. VII–VIII, fr. VIII–IX. Insect pollination. Reproduction by seeds.
Habitats and populations. Grows in stony and limestone rocky places on shallow and poorly developed soils. To be found from the xerothermic oak forests belt to the coniferous forests belt, in the southern parts of its distribution area together with Onobrychis pindicola, Viola delphinantha, Satureja pilosa, Micromeria dalmatica, Galium aegeum, etc. Populations are with relatively good strength.
Distribution in Bulgaria. Forebalkan (Western – Vrachanska Mt), Balkan Range (Western, Eastern), Slavyanka Mt, Pirin Mts (Northern), Rila Mts, Rhodopi Mts (Central); from (600)900 to 1900 m alt.
General distribution. Bulgaria, R Macedonia.
Threats. Tourism, grazing and trampling cause habitat changes and have negative effects on the population’s state and reproduction. Potential threats are forest fires, rock slides, erosion.
Conservation measures taken. Protected species according to the national Biodiversity Act. Most of the localities are situated in protected territories (Rila National Park, Vrachanski Balkan Nature Park and Sinite Kamani Nature Park, Bayuvi Dupki - Dzhindzhiritsa, Chervenata Stena and Alibotush Strict Nature Reserves, Trigrad Gorge Protected Site) and sites of the European ecological network Natura 2000 in Bulgaria.
Conservation measures needed. Restriction of the tourist activities and other economic activities in close proximity of the species occurrences; deposition of seeds to the National Seed Genebank in Bulgaria; investigation of the possibilities for ex situ propagation and cultivation of the species.
References. Kovanda & Ančev 1989; Sopotlieva & Petrova 2002; Grozeva et al. 2004; Vassilev & Pedashenko 2010; Ančev (in press).
Authors: Mincho Anchev & Valentina Goranova
