Bryopsis hypnoides
Bryopsis hypnoides J.V. Lamouroux
Chlorophyta: Bryopsidaceae
Conservation status. Endangered [EN B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv); C2a(i)].
Morphology and biology. Thallus delicate, dull green, of siphon type and length of 3–10(20) cm, branched in all directions but with clearly defined main axis. Branches are of the order 1–3, with round apices. Attachment by rhizoidal system which is fibrous, tightly woven. Plants are dioecious, with male plants becoming yellowish-green and female plants turning dark green. Reproductive structures seen only with microscope. Develops in spring.
Habitats and populations. Epilithic and epiphyte in the Black Sea.
Distribution in Bulgaria. Black Sea Coast (Southern – limited only in Ahtopol and Sozopol-Tsarevo subregions of the Sozopol region).
General distribution. Europe, N, C, and S America, Caribbean Islands, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Australia, New Zealand, Africa.
Threats. Anthropogenic pollution of the Black Sea and its coast, direct collection by tourists.
Conservation measures taken. Included in the “Red List of Bulgarian algae. I. Macroalgae”.
Conservation measures needed. Restriction and decrease of anthropogenic pollution of the Black Sea; nature conservation education of local population.
References. Zinova & Dimitrova-Konaklieva 1981; Georgiev et al. 1985; Dimitrova-Konaklieva 2000; Temniskova et al. 2008; Berov et al. 2010.
Authors: Dobrina Temniskova & Maya Stoyneva
